Hypospadias Panel
Summary and Pricing
Test Method
Exome Sequencing with CNV DetectionTest Code | Test Copy Genes | Panel CPT Code | Gene CPT Codes Copy CPT Code | Base Price | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
6905 | Genes x (73) | 81479 | 81173(x1), 81403(x1), 81404(x3), 81405(x5), 81406(x3), 81407(x1), 81479(x132) | $990 | Order Options and Pricing |
Pricing Comments
We are happy to accommodate requests for testing single genes in this panel or a subset of these genes. The price will remain the list price. If desired, free reflex testing to remaining genes on panel is available. Alternatively, a single gene or subset of genes can also be ordered via our Custom Panel tool.
An additional 25% charge will be applied to STAT orders. STAT orders are prioritized throughout the testing process.
Click here for costs to reflex to whole PGxome (if original test is on PGxome Sequencing platform).
Click here for costs to reflex to whole PGnome (if original test is on PGnome Sequencing platform).
Turnaround Time
3 weeks on average for standard orders or 2 weeks on average for STAT orders.
Please note: Once the testing process begins, an Estimated Report Date (ERD) range will be displayed in the portal. This is the most accurate prediction of when your report will be complete and may differ from the average TAT published on our website. About 85% of our tests will be reported within or before the ERD range. We will notify you of significant delays or holds which will impact the ERD. Learn more about turnaround times here.
Targeted Testing
For ordering sequencing of targeted known variants, go to our Targeted Variants page.
Clinical Features and Genetics
Clinical Features
Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital malformations of the male external genitalia, affecting one in 200-300 boys (Blaschko et al. 2012. PubMed ID: 22790208). It is defined as a defect in the development of the ventral aspect of the penis along with an ectopic opening of the urethral meatus (Kalfa et al. 2011. PubMed ID: 21256920). Hypospadias is considered to be a mild form of the 46,XY disorder of sex development (DSD) (Hughes et al. 2006. PubMed ID: 18947601). Hypospadias can present as an isolated condition or can be accompanied by additional abnormalities, most commonly other genitourinary abnormalities including cryptorchidism, bifid scrotum, vesicoureteral reflux, and inguinal hernia (Holmes. 2012). In addition, Hypospadias can be associated with various syndromic disorders, including the androgen insensitivity syndrome, Denys-Drash syndrome, Opitz syndrome, Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, and WAGR syndrome (van der Zanden et al. 2012. PubMed ID: 22371315; Shih et al. 2014. PubMed ID: 24657417; Bouty et al. 2015. PubMed ID:26613581).
Genetics
Hypospadias is a multifactorial complex condition with both genetic and environmental factors involved in the pathogenesis. Genetic abnormalities, including both chromosomal and single-gene alterations, have been reported to account for about 30% of hypospadias cases (Ságodi et al. 2014. PubMed ID: 24936573). They can be inherited in an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked, or Y-linked manner depending on the gene involved. Genes and genomic regulation involved in the development of the male external genitalia (WT1 and SF1), patterning of genital tubercle (BMP4, BMP7, HOXA4, HOXB6, FGF8, FGFR2), and masculinization (SRY, SOX9, AR, SRD5A, HSD3B2) have all been associated with hypospadias (van der Zanden et al. 2012. PubMed ID: 22371315; Shih et al. 2014. PubMed ID: 24657417; Bouty et al. 2015. PubMed ID: 26613581). See individual gene test descriptions for information on molecular biology of gene products and mutation spectra.
Copy number variants (CNVs) are a common genetic cause of hypospadias. Clinically significant CNVs were detected in 17.2% of patients with hypospadias (Tannour-Louet et al. 2010. PubMed ID: 21048976). For this reason, genetic testing to detect large cytogenetic events and CNVs is recommended in the case of a patient with hypospadias. Our CNV analysis enables these large cytogenetic abnormalities as well as some exon level CNVs to be identified from NGS data.
Clinical Sensitivity - Sequencing with CNV PGxome
This multi-gene panel analyzes genes involved in both syndromic and non-syndromic hypospadias. Genes in this panel account for approximately 20-30% of cases of 46,XY DSD (Baxter et al. 2015. PubMed ID: 25383892). In one cohort, clinically significant deletions and duplications were detected in 17.2% of patients with hypospadias (Tannour-Louet et al. 2010. PubMed ID: 21048976).
Testing Strategy
This test is performed using Next-Gen sequencing with additional Sanger sequencing as necessary.
This panel typically provides 99.7% coverage of all coding exons of the genes plus 10 bases of flanking noncoding DNA in all available transcripts along with other non-coding regions in which pathogenic variants have been identified at PreventionGenetics or reported elsewhere. We define coverage as ≥20X NGS reads or Sanger sequencing. PGnome panels typically provide slightly increased coverage over the PGxome equivalent. PGnome sequencing panels have the added benefit of additional analysis and reporting of deep intronic regions (where applicable).
Dependent on the sequencing backbone selected for this testing, discounted reflex testing to any other similar backbone-based test is available (i.e., PGxome panel to whole PGxome; PGnome panel to whole PGnome).
Indications for Test
Candidates for this test are individuals with hypospadias.
Candidates for this test are individuals with hypospadias.
Genes
Inheritance | Abbreviation |
---|---|
Autosomal Dominant | AD |
Autosomal Recessive | AR |
X-Linked | XL |
Mitochondrial | MT |
Diseases
Related Test
Name |
---|
PGxome® |
Citations
- Baxter et al. 2015. PubMed ID: 25383892
- Blaschko et al. 2012. PubMed ID: 22790208
- Bouty et al. 2015. PubMed ID: 26613581
- Holmes et al. 2012. Common Malformations.
- Hughes et al. 2006. PubMed ID: 18947601
- Kalfa et al. 2011. PubMed ID: 21256920
- Ságodi et al. 2014. PubMed ID: 24936573
- Shih et al. 2014. PubMed ID: 24657417
- Tannour-Louet et al. 2010. PubMed ID: 21048976
- van der Zanden. et al. 2012. PubMed ID: 22371315
Ordering/Specimens
Ordering Options
We offer several options when ordering sequencing tests. For more information on these options, see our Ordering Instructions page. To view available options, click on the Order Options button within the test description.
myPrevent - Online Ordering
- The test can be added to your online orders in the Summary and Pricing section.
- Once the test has been added log in to myPrevent to fill out an online requisition form.
- PGnome sequencing panels can be ordered via the myPrevent portal only at this time.
Requisition Form
- A completed requisition form must accompany all specimens.
- Billing information along with specimen and shipping instructions are within the requisition form.
- All testing must be ordered by a qualified healthcare provider.
For Requisition Forms, visit our Forms page
If ordering a Duo or Trio test, the proband and all comparator samples are required to initiate testing. If we do not receive all required samples for the test ordered within 21 days, we will convert the order to the most effective testing strategy with the samples available. Prior authorization and/or billing in place may be impacted by a change in test code.
Specimen Types
Specimen Requirements and Shipping Details
PGxome (Exome) Sequencing Panel
PGnome (Genome) Sequencing Panel
ORDER OPTIONS
View Ordering Instructions1) Select Test Type
2) Select Additional Test Options
No Additional Test Options are available for this test.