Ataxia Telangiectasia Syndrome via the ATM Gene
Summary and Pricing 
Test Method
Sequencing and CNV Detection via NextGen Sequencing using PG-Select Capture Probes
| Test Code | Test Copy Genes | Test CPT Code | Gene CPT Codes Copy CPT Code | Base Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3049 | ATM | 81408 | 81408,81479 | $990 | Order Options and Pricing |
Pricing Comments
Testing run on PG-select capture probes includes CNV analysis for the gene(s) on the panel but does not permit the optional add on of exome-wide CNV analysis. Any of the NGS platforms allow reflex to other clinically relevant genes, up to whole exome or whole genome sequencing depending upon the base platform selected for the initial test.
An additional 25% charge will be applied to STAT orders. STAT orders are prioritized throughout the testing process.
This test is also offered via a custom panel (click here) on our exome or genome backbone which permits the optional add on of exome-wide CNV or genome-wide SV analysis.
Turnaround Time
3 weeks on average for standard orders or 2 weeks on average for STAT orders.
Please note: Once the testing process begins, an Estimated Report Date (ERD) range will be displayed in the portal. This is the most accurate prediction of when your report will be complete and may differ from the average TAT published on our website. About 85% of our tests will be reported within or before the ERD range. We will notify you of significant delays or holds which will impact the ERD. Learn more about turnaround times here.
Targeted Testing
For ordering sequencing of targeted known variants, go to our Targeted Variants page.
Clinical Features and Genetics
Clinical Features
Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is characterized by early onset (1-4 years) progressive cerebellar ataxia, telangiectasias of the conjunctivae, oculomotor apraxia, choreoathetosis, immunodeficiency, slurred speech, frequent infections, and an increased risk of cancers, especially leukemia and lymphoma. Other solid tumors do occur. Cancer risk is increased by 60-180 fold over population risk (Thoms et al. Experimental Dermatology 16:532–544, 2007). Other features can include premature aging (e.g. grey hair) and insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus. Individuals with A-T are usually sensitive to ionizing radiation (e.g. radiotherapy). Non-classic forms can occur with adult-onset A-T and A-T with early-onset dystonia. Unlike A-T, which is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the ATM gene, heterozygous carriers of an ATM causative mutation are at an increased risk of breast cancer (Concannon et al. Cancer Res 68:6486–91, 2008) and heart disease (Swift et al. N Engl J Med 325:1831–1836, 1991). The time of onset and progression is variable between and within families of affected individuals. The prevalence of A-T has been reported to be 1:40,000-100,000 in the United States (Gatti. GeneReviews. 2010).
Genetics
Ataxia-telangiectasia is an autosomal recessive disorder that is caused by mutations in the ATM gene. ATM encodes a serine protein kinase (ATM) that is involved in DNA repair via phosphorylation of downstream proteins. It senses double-stranded DNA breaks, coordinates cell-cycle checkpoints prior to repair, and recruits repair proteins to damaged DNA sites (Taylor et al. DNA Repair 3(8-9):1219-1225, 2004). Mutations in ATM result in defective checkpoint cycling. Over 500 private causative mutations are described with no common hot spots for mutations. In North America most affected individuals are compound heterozygotes for two ATM mutations. However, founder ATM mutations have been observed in several populations (Gatti. GeneReviews. 2010).
Clinical Sensitivity - Sequencing with CNV PG-Select
Approximately 90% of individuals with Ataxia-telangiectasia have detectable mutations via sequencing of the ATM gene (Gatti. GeneReviews. 2010).
Approximately 1-2% of patients have large genomic deletions involving the ATM gene that can be detected (Gatti. GeneReviews. 2010).
Testing Strategy
This test provides full coverage of all coding exons of the ATM gene, plus ~10 bases of flanking noncoding DNA. We define full coverage as >20X NGS reads or Sanger sequencing.
Indications for Test
Individuals who are suspected of Ataxia-telangiectasia. Individuals with a family history of A-T and who want to know their carrier status of ATM mutations, especially since female relatives of individuals with ataxia-telangiectasia and who are carriers of an ATM mutation have a 2-5 fold increased risk of breast cancer (Swift et al. New Eng J Med 316: 1289-1294, 1987; Thompson et al. J Nat Cancer Inst 97: 813-822, 2005). This test may also be considered for the reproductive partners of individuals who carry pathogenic variants in ATM. This test is specifically designed for heritable germline mutations and is not appropriate for the detection of somatic mutations in tumor tissue.
Individuals who are suspected of Ataxia-telangiectasia. Individuals with a family history of A-T and who want to know their carrier status of ATM mutations, especially since female relatives of individuals with ataxia-telangiectasia and who are carriers of an ATM mutation have a 2-5 fold increased risk of breast cancer (Swift et al. New Eng J Med 316: 1289-1294, 1987; Thompson et al. J Nat Cancer Inst 97: 813-822, 2005). This test may also be considered for the reproductive partners of individuals who carry pathogenic variants in ATM. This test is specifically designed for heritable germline mutations and is not appropriate for the detection of somatic mutations in tumor tissue.
Gene
| Official Gene Symbol | OMIM ID |
|---|---|
| ATM | 607585 |
| Inheritance | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Autosomal Dominant | AD |
| Autosomal Recessive | AR |
| X-Linked | XL |
| Mitochondrial | MT |
Diseases
| Name | Inheritance | OMIM ID |
|---|---|---|
| Ataxia-Telangiectasia Syndrome | AR | 208900 |
| Familial Cancer Of Breast | AD | 114480 |
Related Tests
Citations
- Concannon P, Haile RW, Borresen-Dale A-L, Rosenstein BS, Gatti RA, Teraoka SN, Diep AT, Jansen L, Atencio DP, Langholz B, Capanu M, Liang X, et al. 2008. Variants in the ATM Gene Associated with a Reduced Risk of Contralateral Breast Cancer. Cancer Research 68: 6486–6491. PubMed ID: 18701470
- Gatti R. 2010. Ataxia-Telangiectasia. In: Pagon RA, Adam MP, Bird TD, Dolan CR, Fong C-T, and Stephens K, editors. GeneReviews™, Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle. PubMed ID: 20301790
- Swift M, Morrell D, Massey RB, Chase CL. 1991. Incidence of cancer in 161 families affected by ataxia-telangiectasia. N. Engl. J. Med. 325: 1831–1836. PubMed ID: 1961222
- Swift M, Reitnauer PJ, Morrell D, Chase CL. 1987. Breast and other cancers in families with ataxia-telangiectasia. N. Engl. J. Med. 316: 1289-1294. PubMed ID: 3574400
- Taylor et al. (2004). "Ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder (ATLD)—its clinical presentation and molecular basis." DNA Repair 3(8-9):1219-25. PubMed ID: 15279810
- Thompson et al. (2005) "Cancer risks and mortality in heterozygous ATM mutation carriers." J Nat. Cancer Inst 97: 813-822. PubMed ID: 15928302
- Thoms et al. (2007). "Lessons learned from DNA repair defective syndromes." Experimental Dermatology 16:532–544. PubMed ID: 17518994
Ordering/Specimens
Ordering Options
We offer several options when ordering sequencing tests. For more information on these options, see our Ordering Instructions page. To view available options, click on the Order Options button within the test description.
myPrevent - Online Ordering
- The test can be added to your online orders in the Summary and Pricing section.
- Once the test has been added log in to myPrevent to fill out an online requisition form.
- PGnome sequencing panels can be ordered via the myPrevent portal only at this time.
Requisition Form
- A completed requisition form must accompany all specimens.
- Billing information along with specimen and shipping instructions are within the requisition form.
- All testing must be ordered by a qualified healthcare provider.
For Requisition Forms, visit our Forms page
If ordering a Duo or Trio test, the proband and all comparator samples are required to initiate testing. If we do not receive all required samples for the test ordered within 21 days, we will convert the order to the most effective testing strategy with the samples available. Prior authorization and/or billing in place may be impacted by a change in test code.
Specimen Types
Specimen Requirements and Shipping Details
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ORDER OPTIONS
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