Type VI-Related Collagenopathy Panel
Summary and Pricing 
Test Method
Exome Sequencing with CNV Detection
| Test Code | Test Copy Genes | Panel CPT Code | Gene CPT Codes Copy CPT Code | Base Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10183 | Genes x (4) | 81479 | 81406(x1), 81407(x3), 81479(x4) | $990 | Order Options and Pricing |
Pricing Comments
We are happy to accommodate requests for testing single genes in this panel or a subset of these genes. The price will remain the list price. If desired, free reflex testing to remaining genes on panel is available. Alternatively, a single gene or subset of genes can also be ordered via our Custom Panel tool.
An additional 25% charge will be applied to STAT orders. STAT orders are prioritized throughout the testing process.
Click here for costs to reflex to whole PGxome (if original test is on PGxome Sequencing platform).
Click here for costs to reflex to whole PGnome (if original test is on PGnome Sequencing platform).
Turnaround Time
3 weeks on average for standard orders or 2 weeks on average for STAT orders.
Please note: Once the testing process begins, an Estimated Report Date (ERD) range will be displayed in the portal. This is the most accurate prediction of when your report will be complete and may differ from the average TAT published on our website. About 85% of our tests will be reported within or before the ERD range. We will notify you of significant delays or holds which will impact the ERD. Learn more about turnaround times here.
Targeted Testing
For ordering sequencing of targeted known variants, go to our Targeted Variants page.
Clinical Features and Genetics
Clinical Features
Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD; OMIM 254090) and Bethlem myopathy (OMIM 158810) represent the spectrum of clinical disorders with abnormal matrix collagen. Bethlem myopathy is characterized by proximal weakness and variable contractures. Most often affected by contractures are elbows, ankles and fingers. The earliest presenting signs are decreased fetal movement, neonatal hypotonia, and congenital contractures (Jobsis et al. 1999). Delayed motor milestones, muscle weakness and contractures are evident in cases of Bethlem myopathy with early childhood onset (Lampe et al. 2012). The clinical course in adult onset patients is typically slow but relentless; approximately two-thirds of patients over age 50 years require ambulatory support (Jobsis et al. 1999). UCMD is characterized by congenital muscle weakness, proximal joint contractures, and striking hyperlaxity of distal joints (Lampe and Bushby. 2005). Affected children rarely gain the ability to walk independently and spinal rigidity and scoliosis develop. Respiratory failure in the first and second decade of life is a common cause of death (Lampe and Bushby 2005). Serum CK levels are normal or mildly elevated in both Bethlem myopathy and UCMD, however, muscle biopsies from UCMD patients are more likely to be dystrophic and show absent or reduced immunostaining of collagen VI (Higuchi et al. 2003). Intelligence is normal in Bethlem myopathy and UCMD patients.
Genetics
Most cases of Bethlem myopathy have autosomal dominant inheritance of COL6A1, COL6A2 or COL6A3 mutations (Lampe and Bushby 2005; Jobsis et al. 1999; Butterfield et al. 2013). Once thought to be strictly a recessive condition, Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy has been shown to be inherited in a dominant manner in numerous cases (Pan et al. 2003). A dominant-negative effect underlies pathogenicity of dominantly inherited UCMD (Pan et al. 2003; Baker et al. 2005), while most cases of recessive UCMD result from truncating mutations. Substitutions affecting the conserved Gly-Xaa-Yaa motif are a common pathogenic mechanism and genotype-phenotype relationships have emerged (Butterfield et al. 2013). Recently, both dominant and recessive mutations in a fourth collagen gene, COL12A1 (OMIM 120320), have been found in patients with Ullrich and Bethlem phenotypes (Hicks et al. 2013; Zou et al. 2013). See individual gene test descriptions for information on molecular biology of gene products.
Clinical Sensitivity - Sequencing with CNV PGxome
Sequence analysis using genomic DNA from peripheral blood was found to have clinical sensitivity of 66%, 56%, and 79% among patients classified as having typical Bethlem Myopathy, severe Bethlem Myopathy, and Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy, respectively (Lampe et al. 2005).
Gross deletion of COL6A1 and COL6A2 at chromosome 21q22.3 have been shown to cause recessive Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (Foley et al. 2011), although the frequency of such mutations is not known.
Testing Strategy
This test is performed using Next-Gen sequencing with additional Sanger sequencing as necessary.
This panel provides 100% coverage of all coding exons of the genes plus 10 bases of flanking noncoding DNA in all available transcripts along with other non-coding regions in which pathogenic variants have been identified at PreventionGenetics or reported elsewhere. We define coverage as ≥20X NGS reads or Sanger sequencing. PGnome panels typically provide slightly increased coverage over the PGxome equivalent. PGnome sequencing panels have the added benefit of additional analysis and reporting of deep intronic regions (where applicable).
Dependent on the sequencing backbone selected for this testing, discounted reflex testing to any other similar backbone-based test is available (i.e., PGxome panel to whole PGxome; PGnome panel to whole PGnome).
Indications for Test
Individuals with clinical and pathological features consistent with collagenopathies in the Bethlem myopathy and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy spectrum.
Individuals with clinical and pathological features consistent with collagenopathies in the Bethlem myopathy and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy spectrum.
Genes
| Official Gene Symbol | OMIM ID |
|---|---|
| COL12A1 | 120320 |
| COL6A1 | 120220 |
| COL6A2 | 120240 |
| COL6A3 | 120250 |
| Inheritance | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Autosomal Dominant | AD |
| Autosomal Recessive | AR |
| X-Linked | XL |
| Mitochondrial | MT |
Diseases
| Name | Inheritance | OMIM ID |
|---|---|---|
| Bethlem Myopathy | AR, AD | 158810 |
| Bethlem Myopathy 2 | AD | 616471 |
| Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy | AR, AD | 254090 |
| Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy 2 | AD | 616470 |
Related Test
| Name |
|---|
| PGxome® |
Citations
- Baker NL, Mörgelin M, Peat R, Goemans N, North KN, Bateman JF, Lamandé SR. 2005. Dominant collagen VI mutations are a common cause of Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Human Molecular Genetics 14: 279–293. PubMed ID: 15563506
- Butterfield RJ, Foley AR, Dastgir J, Asman S, Dunn DM, Zou Y, Hu Y, Donkervoort S, Flanigan KM, Swoboda KJ, Winder TL, Weiss RB, Bönnemann CG. 2013. Position of Glycine Substitutions in the Triple Helix of COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 is Correlated with Severity and Mode of Inheritance in Collagen VI Myopathies. Hum. Mutat. 34: 1558–1567. PubMed ID: 24038877
- Foley AR, Hu Y, Zou Y, Yang M, Medne L, Leach M, Conlin LK, Spinner N, Shaikh TH, Falk M, Neumeyer AM, Bliss L, et al. 2011. Large genomic deletions: a novel cause of Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Ann. Neurol. 69: 206–211. PubMed ID: 21280092
- Hicks et al. 2013. Neuromuscul Disord 23:739.
- Higuchi I, Horikiri T, Niiyama T, Suehara M, Shiraishi T, Hu J, Uchida Y, Saito A, Nakagawa M, Arimura K, Osame M. 2003. Pathological characteristics of skeletal muscle in Ullrich’s disease with collagen VI deficiency. Neuromuscul. Disord. 13: 310–316. PubMed ID: 12868500
- Jöbsis GJ, Boers JM, Barth PG, Visser M De. 1999. Bethlem myopathy: a slowly progressive congenital muscular dystrophy with contractures. Brain 122: 649–655. PubMed ID: 10219778
- Lampe AK, Bushby KM. 2005. Collagen VI related muscle disorders. Journal of Medical Genetics 42: 673–685. PubMed ID: 16141002
- Lampe AK, Dunn DM, von Niederhausern AC, Hamil C, Aoyagi A, Laval SH, Marie SK, Chu ML, Swoboda K, Muntoni F, Bonnemann CG, Flanigan KM, Bushby KM, Weiss RB. 2005. Automated genomic sequence analysis of the three collagen VI genes: applications to Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy and Bethlem myopathy. J Med Genet 42: 108-120. PubMed ID: 15689448
- Lampe AK, Flanigan KM, Bushby KM, Hicks D. 2012. Collagen Type VI-Related Disorders. In: Pagon RA, Adam MP, Bird TD, Dolan CR, Fong C-T, and Stephens K, editors. GeneReviews™, Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle. PubMed ID: 20301676
- Pan T-C, Zhang R-Z, Sudano DG, Marie SK, Bonnemann CG, Chu M-L. 2003. New Molecular Mechanism for Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy: A Heterozygous In-Frame Deletion in the COL6A1 Gene Causes a Severe Phenotype. Am J Hum Genet 73: 355–369. PubMed ID: 12840783
Ordering/Specimens
Ordering Options
We offer several options when ordering sequencing tests. For more information on these options, see our Ordering Instructions page. To view available options, click on the Order Options button within the test description.
myPrevent - Online Ordering
- The test can be added to your online orders in the Summary and Pricing section.
- Once the test has been added log in to myPrevent to fill out an online requisition form.
- PGnome sequencing panels can be ordered via the myPrevent portal only at this time.
Requisition Form
- A completed requisition form must accompany all specimens.
- Billing information along with specimen and shipping instructions are within the requisition form.
- All testing must be ordered by a qualified healthcare provider.
For Requisition Forms, visit our Forms page
If ordering a Duo or Trio test, the proband and all comparator samples are required to initiate testing. If we do not receive all required samples for the test ordered within 21 days, we will convert the order to the most effective testing strategy with the samples available. Prior authorization and/or billing in place may be impacted by a change in test code.
Specimen Types
Specimen Requirements and Shipping Details
PGxome (Exome) Sequencing Panel
PGnome (Genome) Sequencing Panel
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ORDER OPTIONS
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2) Select Additional Test Options
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